Energetic Materials
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Equipment

  1. MR
  2. Raman-Spectroscopy
  3. Infrared-Spectroscopy
  4. Mass-Spectrometry
  5. X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy
  6. Thermal Analysis
  7. Bomb-Calorimetry
  8. Detonation chamber
  9. Friction test
  10. Drop hammer test, Fallhammer test
  11. Electrostatic Discharge Tester
  12. Steel sleeve Test - Koenen test
  13. Pycnometry
  14. UV/VIS Spectroscopy
  15. GC-MS
  16. HPLC
  17. VST
  18. AAS
  19. Karl Fischer Titrando
  20. Bergmann Junk Tester

NMRnmr

  • JEOL Eclipse 270
  • JEOL EX-400
  • JEOL Eclipse 400

Links

Raman Spectroscopyraman

Bruker MultiRAM FT-Raman

fitted with a liquid nitrogen cooled germanium detector and a Nd:YAG laser (λ = 1064 nm) 

Links

Infrared Spectroscopyir

Perkin Elmer Spectrum One

  • FT-IR with CsI beamsplitter, range 7800 to 220 cm-1 with Spectrum for Windows Software
  • Perkin Elmer 983G despersive, stand alone IR, range 4500 to 400 cm-1
  • Fittings: high temperature gascell

Links

Mass Spectrometryms

JEOL MStation JMS 700

  • with EI, DEI, CI, DCI, FAB, FD/FI,(ESI, APCI)

Links

X-RAY-Diffraction Spectroscopyxray

Oxford Diffraction XCalibur 3

  • 4-circle kappa platform
  • Enhance Mo radiation
  • Full safety cabinet
  • CrysAlisPro (data collection and processing software)
  • X-ray tube water chiller
  • Sapphire CCD Chiller
  • Oxford Cryosystem (liquid N2)

Links

Thermal Analysislinseis_dsc

DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry)

Linseis PT10

  • Temperature range 20 - 500 °C

 Links

 

dta

DTA (Differential Thermal Analysis)

OZM, DTA 551-EX

  • designed for explosive compounds

 

 

Device: Mettler-Toledo DSC822e  

  • Device accessories:
  • Autosampler with 34 positions
  • Intracooler Julabo FT900
  • Temperature range: -75—630 °C
  • Temperature program: Freely programmable
  • Heating rate: variable (0.1 Kmin-1 to 200 Kmin-1)
  • Crucibles: 40 µL Aluminum
  • Purge gas: Nitrogen at 30 mL/min
  • Minimum sample amount: 0.3 mg (depends on sample)
  • Software: Mettler-Toledo STARe Software V16.20

tga



TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis)

Perkin Elmer, TGA4000

  • S/W KIT TA MGR SUITE SGNL USER V11
  • Polyscience Chiller







buechi

Melting Point Apparatus

Büchi B-540

 

Bombcalorimetry

bomb_calorimetry

Parr 6200 isoperibol bomb calorimeter

  • Fittings: 1104 Oxygen combustion bomb

Detonation Chamberdechamb

KV-250 chamber can be used for a number of various experimental performance, sensitivity and stability tests of energetic materials involving their full-scale detonations.

Furthermore, the chamber can beused as a safe temporary storage vessel for newly synthesized and potentially unstable explosive samples, for safe destruction of explosive wastes or special applications (such as explosive forming of metals). Short non-exhaustive list of the typical test and related instrumentation follows:

Performance tests

  • Detonation velocity
  • Detonation pressure
  • Pressure-time measuremetns of confined explosions of condensed explosives, explosive dusts or aerosols
  • Temperature(heat flow)- time measurements of confinedd explosions
  • Brisance by lead block compression test (Hess test)
  • Brisance by Kast's method
  • Brisance by plate dent test
  • Brisance by sand test
  • Explosive power by lead block expansion test (Trauzl test)
  • Mass velocity of detonation products by flash X-Ray photography
  • Small-scale fragmentation test
  • Propagation of the shock wave using high-speed cameras

Sensitivity tests

  • Sensitivity to shock wave by small-scale gap test
  • Sensitivity to heat by slow cook-off test
  • Large-scale electrostatic discharge sensitivity test
  • Sensitivity to electron beam and laser
  • Transmission of detonation between charges
  • Sensitivity of initiation by detonator
  • Critical diameter test
  • Deflagration to detonation transition test

Stability tests

  • Large-scale long-term stability test

Friction testfriction

BAM friction tester

www.reichelt-partner.de

www.ozm.cz

  • Sensitivity to friction test
  • 5 N - 360 N 

Drop hammer, Fallhammer test

BAM drop hammer

www.reichelt-partner.de

www.ozm.cz

fallhammer_neu

  • Impact sensitivity
  • 0.1 J - 100 J

Electrostatic Discharge Sensitivity Tester

  • OZM, ESD 2008A small-scale electrostatic spark sensitivity test
  • 0.1 mJ - 10 J

Steel sleeves - Koenen test

according to BAM

www.reichelt-partner.de

steelsl1   steelsl2

Sensitivity test

  • Sensitivity to heat under confinement 

Pycnometrypyc

Quantachrome gas pycnometer Ultrapyc 1200e

  • Helium gas
  • three different cell volumes

UV/VIS Spectroscopy

Jenway 6315 Spectrophotometeruv

GC/MSgcms

Shimadzu GC/MS

HPLC

VST

AAS

Karl Fischer Titrando

Bergmann Junk Tester